She became an important policy-maker in the British Empire as a result of her extensive knowledge and contacts, which she built up through her numerous travels in Mesopotamia, Greater Syria, Asia Minor, and Arabia. She was a multifaceted talent who used her experience from plenty of travels to the Middle East to frame and influence policies of the British Empire. Bell was alone except for Arab servants and stayed in tents as well as in the houses of the wealthy, where her family could provide her with introductions. Noté /5. And yet, as Winstone demonstrates, such labels fail to do justice to her or to her […] Winstone] sur Amazon.fr. Gertrude Bell was born into a wealthy family in the English county of Durham on July 14, 1868. see review. London. Gertrude Bell, a daughter of wealthy British parents, has no interest in the social life of the London elite. She described it as "a white skeleton of a town, standing knee-deep in the blown sand." Gertrude Bell : biography 14 July 1868 – 12 July 1926 Her work was specially mentioned in the British Parliament, and she was awarded the Order of the British Empire. Aspiring to some usefulness in her life, Gertrude decides to join her uncle, who occupies a high diplomatic position in Tehran. In 1909 she left from Aleppo in Syria and traveled through the valley of the Euphrates River to Baghdad, visiting Babylonian sites along the way. She helped place the Hāshimite ruler Fayṣal I on the throne of Iraq in 1921. They ordered her home instead (the young man died nine months later). See Gertrude Bell: The Arabian Diaries, 1913-1914, by Gertrude Lowthian Bell, edited Rosemary O'Brien (already mentioned) and The Oxford Dictionary of National biography– though the the latter merely indicates that she worked for "military intelligence". Daughter of the Desert: The Remarkable Life of Gertrude Bell by Georgina Howell Pan Macmillan £20, pp518. En 1915, Gertrude Bell intègre le Bureau arabe du Caire (Égypte britannique), l’agence britannique de renseignement sur le Moyen-Orient, où elle occupera la fonction d’officier de liaison. Gertrude Margaret Lowthian Bell was born on July 14, 1868, in Durham, England. Gertrude Bell (1868-1926), ca. Let us know if you have suggestions to improve this article (requires login). When the Turkish soldiers of the Ottoman government arrived, they found a nearby village deserted, the inhabitants having fled for fear of retribution. All Rights Reserved. Daughter of the Desert: The Story of Gertrude Bell, Bodley Head, 1956. E. Benn, 1958 and 1961. She described this journey in her book, Persian Pictures. Along the way Bell was robbed of her money and, most importantly, her notebooks. Gertrude Bell: Explorer, Archaeologist, Diplomat and Spy (2013) British "Queen of Iraq" rests in Baghdad cemetery Gertrude Bell's first love, however, was always archaeology, and as Honorary Director of Antiquities in Iraq, she established the now world-famous antiquities museum in Baghdad. Occupying Iraq has never been a straightforward affair. She had become fluent in Arabic, Persian, French and German as well as also speaking Italian and Turkish. Gertrude Bell is the sort of subject who requires both burdens to be carried well. Letters from Baghdad: The Extraordinary Life and Times of Gertrude Bell, ... One example can be found in the 1983 first volume of William Manchester’s three-part biography of Winston Churchill, The Last Lion, where the caption for a famous photo of Bell, T.E. Gertrude B. Elion a joué un grand rôle dans les progrès des sciences pharmacologiques aux États-Unis. Lawrence (the famous "Lawrence of Arabia") and helped formulate the British strategy of encouraging the Arabs to revolt against the Turks. GERTRUDE BELL. Gertrude Bell, A. and C. Black, 1958. After a short period of war work in England and France, she plunged into the rough-and-tumble of Middle East politics, mainly in Mesopotamia, where she served in turn under Sir Percy Cox and Sir Arnold Wilson. The remarkable life of Gertrude Bell offers invaluable lessons on the state of Iraq today, … The last three years of her life were devoted to the creation of an archaeological museum in Baghdad. She then went mountain climbing in the Alps and took two trips around the world with her brother. Gertrude Margaret Lowthian Bell was born on July 14, 1868, in Durham, England. She was a multifaceted talent who used her experience from plenty of travels to the Middle East to frame and influence policies of the British Empire. At sixteen she attended Queens College and then went to Lady Margaret Hall, a womens college at Oxford University. Gertrude Bell was born on July 14, 1868 in Washington New Hall, County Durham, England as Gertrude Margaret Lowthian Bell. She was also a writer and an archaeologist. When war broke out in Europe in August 1914, Turkey, which then controlled all of the Middle East, joined Germany in the fight against Great Britain. Bell wrote about her experiences in Syria: The Desert and the Sown, published in 1907. She visited Palestine and Syria in that year and was often back in the Middle East during the next decade, extending her travels to Asia Minor. Be on the lookout for your Britannica newsletter to get trusted stories delivered right to your inbox. She died on July 12, 1926 in Baghdad, Mandatory Iraq. In 1899, Bell again went to the Middle East. Gertrude Margaret Lowthian Bell, CBE (14 July 1868 – 12 July 1926) was an English writer, traveller, political officer, administrator, spy and archaeologist who explored, mapped, and became highly influential to British imperial policy-making due to her knowledge and contacts, built up through extensive travels in Greater Syria, Mesopotamia, Asia Minor, and Arabia. Facing ill health and profound loneliness, Bell took a fatal dose of sleeping pills and died July 12, 1926, in Baghdad. She was born in 1868 in the English countryside, into a world of privilege: a wealthy heiress, she could devote herself entirely to her passions … She visited Palesti… Gertrude Bell : biography 14 July 1868 – 12 July 1926 Gertrude Bell received her early education from Queen’s College in London and then later at Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford University at age 17. This biography has been revised and updated for a new generation and a new political reality. Read and digest, Mr Blair. Ships from and sold by Amazon.com. Verified Purchase. 'The … She wrote a book about her experiences called Persian Pictures, A Book of Travelsthat was published in 1894. The Desert and the Sown: Travels in Palestine and Syria by Gertrude Bell Paperback $12.25. Submitted Image. She graduated with high honors in history. Verified Purchase. But her heart was set on an Arabian journey, which she began in 1913, being the second woman (after Lady Anne Blunt) to visit Haʾil, where she was not favourably received, although she ever afterward favoured the Ibn Rashīd dynasty in its struggle against the Ibn Saʿūd dynasty. Improve this article ( requires login ) whether th… Short biography following year, where made! Turkey ) has no interest in the blown sand. been careless and causing all the difficulty a... M. Asher-Greve, documents the life of the next decade travelling around World... And C. Black, 1958 Hāshimite ruler Fayṣal I on the current political climate in Iraq to find the,! 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